St. Swithun

Saint Swithun (also Swithhun or Swithin) (died c. 862) was an
Anglo-Saxon bishop of Winchester whose historical importance as bishop
is overshadowed by his reputation for posthumous miracle-working.

Very little is known of this saint's life, for his biographers constructed
their "Lives" long after his death and there is hardly any mention of him
in contemporary documents. Swithun was one of the two trusted
counsellors of Egbert, King of the West Saxons (d. 839), helping him in
ecclesiastical matters. While Ealstan of Sherborne was his chief advisor,
Egbert probably entrusted Swithun with the education of his son Ethelwulf and caused the saint to be elected to the Bishopric of Winchester in succession to Helmstan.

Swithun's consecration by Ceolnoth, Archbishop of Canterbury, seems to have taken place on 30 October, 852. On his deathbed Swithun begged that he should be buried outside the north wall of his cathedral where passers-by should pass over his grave and raindrops from the eaves drop upon it.

More than a century later (931) his body was translated with great pomp to a shrine within the new church erected by Bishop Ethelwulf (d. 984). A number of miraculous cures took place and Swithun was canonized by popular acclamation. In 1093 his remains were again translated, this time to a new church built by Bishop Walkelin. The shrine was destroyed and the relics scattered in 1538.

It has often been said that the saint was a Benedictine monk and even Prior of Winchester but there is no evidence for this statement. From the first translation of his relics in 984 till the destruction of the shrine St. Swithun was the patron of Winchester Cathedral. He is best known from the popular superstition attached to his name and expressed in the following rhyme:

St. Swithin's day if thou dost rain
For forty days it will remain
St. Swithin's day if thou be fair
For forty days 'twill rain nae mair.

There have been many attempts to explain the origin of this belief, but none have proved generally satisfactory. A similar belief attaches in France to 8 June (the feast of Sts. Gervasius and Protasius) and to other feasts in different countries.

St. Swithun's feast is kept on 15 July, the date of his first translation, and is retained in the Anglican Calendar.